Revolutionizing Bihar’s agriculture for sustainability and prosperity

The intersection of science, technology, and agriculture stands as the cornerstone of Bihar’s economic landscape. Embracing modern advancements, the state’s agricultural narrative has transformed, focusing on sustainability, productivity, and farmer welfare. The amalgamation of cutting-edge techniques, from precision farming to biotechnological interventions, has revolutionized cultivation practices. Through initiatives like the Agriculture Roadmap III, the Jaivik Corridor Scheme, and technological support for floriculture and vegetable production, Bihar showcases a commitment to sustainable farming. Moreover, the strategic integration of technology, market linkages, and capacity-building programs has empowered farmers, bolstering their knowledge base and market access. With a focus on water management, seed quality enhancement, and specialized programs like Makhana Development, Bihar’s agricultural sector is on a trajectory towards resilience, innovation, and recognition on a national scale.

Technological Advancements in Bihar’s Agriculture

• Towards increasing financial assistance to farmers, the BRFSY scheme is implemented through an online application process where interested farmers are invited through Web App, Mobile App and IVRS Call Centers. Since the assistance amount is decided based on yield loss, this is estimated at the levels of Gram Panchayat, based on crop cutting experiments (CCEs) conducted by the Directorate of Economics and Statistics (DoES). Further, field inspection is carried out through a Mobile App by Kisan Salahkar or other designated officials.

• Because floriculture holds significant value, the Bihar government is supplying top-tier plant materials to private nurseries and conducting training programs for farmers to boost flower production. The state’s technological advancements have facilitated a shift towards growing highly profitable flower varieties.

• Advanced farming methods, including the use of drones, satellite imagery, and soil sensors, have empowered Bihar’s farmers to employ precision agriculture. This technology enables efficient resource management, reducing water and fertilizer usage while increasing crop yield. Consequently, it minimizes waste and promotes sustainable farming practices in the region.

• Technology advancements, notably through mobile apps and online platforms, have granted farmers immediate access to crucial data such as weather predictions, market rates, and top agricultural methods. Initiatives like the Kisan Suvidha App, e-NAM (National Agricultural Market), and Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) have bridged farmers directly to markets, cutting out intermediaries, lessening exploitation, and bolstering income.

• Biotechnological advancements have been pivotal in Bihar, where a program costing Rs. 142.27 lakh has commenced to genetically identify hybrid seeds of maize and paddy crops through DNA fingerprinting. This initiative harnesses biotechnology’s potential in developing crops resilient to drought and pests, as well as fortifying their nutritional value. For example, the introduction of genetically modified crops, such as Bt cotton, in specific Indian areas has demonstrated success by effectively managing pests and amplifying crop yields.

• Water Conservation through Technology – Advancements in science and technology have facilitated the adoption of effective irrigation methods such as drip and sprinkler systems in Bihar. These innovations play a pivotal role in conserving water, particularly in water-stressed areas, by ensuring its efficient utilization. Alongside augmenting yields through practices like the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) and zero-tillage methods, there’s a concerted effort to encourage the cultivation of drought-resistant rice varieties, further boosting agricultural output.

• The construction of the Physical Modelling Center within the Supaul district’s Centre of Excellence is currently in progress, expected to cost approximately Rs. 108.93 crore. Utilizing technological progress, training sessions and capacity-building efforts have been enabled for farmers, educating them on contemporary agricultural methodologies, the utilization of machinery, and techniques for post-harvest management. These initiatives aim to bolster their expertise and understanding, empowering them with advanced skills in agricultural practices.

• The State administration is executing a special Makhana Growth initiative aimed at amplifying makhana output across 11 makhana-producing districts via area expansion and the incorporation of innovative methodologies. In August 2022, Bihar secured the GI (Geographical Indication) tag for ‘Mithila Makhana’, bestowing a fresh distinction upon the state’s distinctive commodity. Bihar already holds GI tags for Shahi Litchi, Zardalu Aam, Magahi Paan, and Katarni Chawal, marking its diverse range of recognized products.

• The State government actively promotes the adoption of nutrient-rich seeds through initiatives like the Mukhya Mantri Tivra Beej Vistar Yojana (Chief Minister’s Crash Seed Programme) and Integrated Seed Village Programme. Efforts include incentivizing farmers to utilize certified seeds by providing subsidies. Alongside advocating seed cultivation, processing, and establishing agri-clinics, the Bihar State Seed Corporation runs a dedicated program for the production and dissemination of certified seeds encompassing rice, wheat, maize, pulses, and oilseeds among the state’s cultivators.

• The State government is actively backing vegetable producers by investing in technology to improve how vegetables are managed after harvest. The Agriculture Roadmap III (2017-2022) reaffirms the focus on encouraging sustainable farming methods and the growth of organic vegetables. The “Jaivik Corridor Scheme,” operational in 13 districts along the Ganges River during 2019-20, has significantly aided farmers in cultivating vegetables sustainably. This initiative supports the production, certification, and marketing of organic vegetables, furthering their efforts in this area.

In conclusion, the integration of science and technology has significantly transformed agricultural practices in Bihar, fostering productivity, sustainability, and efficiency in a sector crucial to the state’s economy. Initiatives such as the adoption of precision farming techniques, access to information through technology platforms, biotechnological interventions, water management systems, and capacity-building programs have empowered farmers. The state government’s support, evident through schemes like the Jaivik Corridor Scheme, BRFSY, and Makhana Development Program, underscores a commitment to leveraging technological advancements for agricultural growth. The emphasis on certified seeds, training programs, and the recent achievement of GI tags for indigenous products like ‘Mithila Makhana’ demonstrates Bihar’s dedication to innovation and agricultural excellence. These efforts collectively contribute to elevating agricultural practices, improving farmers’ livelihoods, and positioning Bihar’s agricultural sector on a sustainable and prosperous path forward.

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